Kuki dutezimbere gutunganya bateri

Ibura ry'ibikoresho ryatewe no kwiyongera byihuse bya EV na ESS

Kujugunya bidakwiye bateri birashobora kurekura ibyuma biremereye hamwe nubumara bwa gaz.

Ubucucike bwa lithium na cobalt muri batteri burenze kure ubw'amabuye y'agaciro, bivuze ko bateri ikwiye gukoreshwa.Gusubiramo ibikoresho bya anode bizigama hejuru ya 20% yikiguzi cya batiri.

Amabwiriza yo gutunganya bateri ya lithium-ion mu bice bitandukanye

Amerika

Muri Amerika, leta zunze ubumwe, leta cyangwa uturere zifite uburenganzira bwo guta no gutunganya bateri ya lithium-ion.Hariho amategeko abiri ya federasiyo ajyanye na bateri ya lithium-ion.Iya mbere niAmategeko ya Mercure-arimo kandi yishyurwa Amategeko yo gucunga Bateri. Irasaba ibigo cyangwa amaduka agurisha bateri ya acide cyangwa bateri ya nikel - icyuma cya hydride ya batiri igomba kwemera bateri yimyanda no kuyitunganya.Uburyo bwo gutunganya bateri ya aside-acide izagaragara nkicyitegererezo cyibikorwa bizaza kuri bateri ya lithium-ion.Itegeko rya kabiri niAmategeko yo kubungabunga no kugarura umutungo (RCRA).Yubaka urwego rwuburyo bwo kujugunya imyanda idakwiye cyangwa iteje akaga.Kazoza ka bateri ya Litiyumu-ion uburyo bwo gutunganya ibicuruzwa birashobora gukoreshwa nubuyobozi bwiri tegeko.

EU

Umuryango w'ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi wateguye icyifuzo gishya (Igitekerezo cyo GUSHINGA AMATEGEKO Y’UBURAYI N'INAMA NJYANAMA yerekeye bateri na batiri y’imyanda, bivanaho Amabwiriza 2006/66 / EC no guhindura Amabwiriza (EU) No 2019/1020).Iki cyifuzo kivuga ibikoresho byuburozi, harimo ubwoko bwose bwa bateri, nibisabwa kugarukira, raporo, ibirango, urwego rwo hejuru rwibirenge bya karubone, urwego rwo hasi rwa cobalt, gurş, na nikel ikoreshwa neza, imikorere, iramba, gutandukana, gusimburwa, umutekano , uko ubuzima bumeze, kuramba no gutanga amasoko abigiranye umwete, nibindi. Nkuko iri tegeko ribiteganya, ababikora bagomba gutanga amakuru yumurambararo wa bateri hamwe nimibare yimikorere, hamwe namakuru yibikoresho bya batiri.Gutanga-urunigi rwitondewe ni ukumenyesha abakoresha amaherezo ibikoresho fatizo birimo, aho biva, ningaruka zabyo kubidukikije.Nukugenzura ikoreshwa rya batiri.Ariko, gutangaza igishushanyo mbonera hamwe nibikoresho bitanga isoko birashobora kuba imbogamizi kubakora bateri yuburayi, kubwibyo amategeko ntabwo yatanzwe kumugaragaro.

Ibihugu byi Burayi

Ibihugu bimwe by’Uburayi birashobora kugira politiki yabyo ku micungire ya bateri ya lithium-ion.

Ubwongereza ntabwo butangaza amategeko yerekeye bateri ya lithium-ion.Guverinoma yakundaga gutanga umusoro ku gutunganya cyangwa gukodesha, cyangwa kwishyura amafaranga y'impamvu.Nyamara nta politiki yemewe isohoka.

Ubudage bufite amategeko yemewe kuri bateri ya lithium-ion.Kimwe n'amategeko yo gutunganya ibicuruzwa mu Budage, Ubudage amategeko ya batiri n amategeko yanyuma yubuzima.Ubudage bushimangira EPR kandi busobanura inshingano zabakora, abaguzi n’ibicuruzwa bitunganyirizwa.

Ubufaransa bwasohoye amategeko agenga bateri yongeye gukoreshwa, kandi ibikorwa byahinduwe mugihe runaka.Amategeko atangaza inshingano ziteganijwe zo gukusanya, gutondekanya no gutunganya bateri kubakora n'abagurisha.

Ubushinwa

Ubushinwa bwashyizeho amabwiriza amwe yerekeye imyanda ikomeye n’imyanda iteje akaga, nk’itegeko ryo kugenzura imyanda ihumanya n’amategeko agenga kurwanya umwanda wa batiri, ikubiyemo inganda, gutunganya ibicuruzwa n’utundi turere twinshi twa batiri ya lithium-ion.Politiki zimwe na zimwe zigenga bateri ziva mubushinwa mumahanga.Urugero, guverinoma y'Ubushinwa yasohoye itegeko ribuza imyanda ikomeye gutumizwa mu Bushinwa, kandi mu 2020, iryo tegeko ryarahinduwe kugira ngo ritwikire imyanda yose yaturutse mu bindi bihugu.

Aziya

Hariho amategeko menshi agenga gutunganya bateri mu Buyapani.Ubuyapani Portable Rechargeable Battery Recycling Centre (JBRC) ishinzwe gutunganya ibicuruzwa mu Buyapani.

Ubuhinde nabwo butangaza amabwiriza ya bateri.Barasaba ababikora, abagurisha, abaguzi n’ikigo icyo aricyo cyose kijyanye no gutunganya ibicuruzwa, gushyira mu kato, gutwara cyangwa kwisubiraho, bagomba kwikorera inshingano zabo.Hagati aho leta zizashyiraho gahunda nkuru yo kwandikisha EPR yo kuyobora.

Australiya ntirafise politike ifatika yo gutunganya ibintu.

Uwitekaingoraneya batiri

Biragoye kohereza cyangwa guta bateri hamwe nubwubatsi butandukanye.

Gusubiramo bateri hamwe nibikoresho bigoye bya anode biragoye.Byongeye kandi, bateri yongeye gukoreshwa ntishobora kugarura imikorere yamagare ya bateri nshya.

Ubwinshi bwa bateri, icyuho cyubugenzuzi nisoko ritujuje ubuziranenge bigabanya inyungu zo gutunganya ibicuruzwa, bigatuma bidashoboka.Tutibagiwe n'ibibazo byo gukusanya, gutwara, kubika nibindi bibazo bya logistique.

Umwanzuro

Nibikorwa bikenewe kandi byihutirwa gutunganya bateri ya lithium-ion, ntakibazo mubyerekezo byo kurengera ibidukikije cyangwa kuzigama umutungo.Ibihugu byinshi rwose byibanda ku gutunganya bateri, no gushyira byinshi mubushakashatsi.Inzitizi zishingiye cyane cyane: kugabanya ibiciro, guteza imbere uburyo bwiza bwubucuruzi, uburyo bwiza bwo kohereza, kunoza ibyiciro, tekinoroji yo gutandukanya ibikoresho, kugena uburyo bwo gutunganya ibicuruzwa no gushyiraho amabwiriza yinganda hamwe na sisitemu nziza yo gutunganya no gukoresha neza.