Amavu n'amavuko

Batteri ya Litiyumu-ion yakoreshejwe cyane nka bateri zishobora kwishyurwa kuva mu myaka ya za 90 kubera ubushobozi bwayo budasubirwaho ndetse no guhagarara neza. Hamwe n'ubwiyongere bukabije bw'igiciro cya lithium hamwe no kwiyongera kwa lithium hamwe nibindi bice by'ibanze bigize bateri ya lithium-ion, kwiyongera kw'ibikoresho fatizo byo mu bwoko bwa batiri ya litiro biraduhatira gushakisha uburyo bushya kandi buhendutse bw’amashanyarazi bushingiye ku bintu byinshi biriho; . Bateri ya sodium-ion igiciro gito niyo nzira nziza. Batiri ya Sodium- ion yavumbuwe hafi hamwe na batiri ya lithium-ion, ariko kubera radiyo nini nini n'ubushobozi buke, abantu bakunda kwiga amashanyarazi ya lithium, kandi ubushakashatsi kuri batiri ya sodium-ion hafi ya bwose. Ubwiyongere bwihuse bwibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi ninganda zibika ingufu mumyaka yashize, bateri ya sodium-ion, yatanzwe mugihe kimwe na batiri ya lithium-ion, yongeye gukurura abantu's kwitondera.

Litiyumu, sodium na potasiyumu byose ni ibyuma bya alkali mumeza yigihe cyibintu. Bafite imiterere yumubiri nubumashini kandi birashobora gukoreshwa nkibikoresho bya batiri ya kabiri mubitekerezo. Sodium ikungahaye cyane, ikwirakwijwe cyane mubutaka bwisi kandi byoroshye kuyikuramo. Nkumusimbura wa lithium, sodium yarushijeho kwitabwaho murwego rwa bateri. Batareurugandasgutomboragutangiza inzira yikoranabuhanga ya bateri ya sodium-ion.Kuyobora Ibitekerezo byihutisha iterambere ryububiko bushya bwingufu, Gahunda yo guhanga udushya na tekinoloji mu rwego rwingufu mugihe cyimyaka 14 yimyaka itanu, naGahunda yo Gushyira mubikorwa Iterambere ryububiko bushya bwingufu mugihe cyimyaka 14 yimyaka itanucyatanzwe na komisiyo y'igihugu ishinzwe iterambere n’ivugurura hamwe n’ubuyobozi bw’igihugu gishinzwe ingufu zavuze ko bizateza imbere igisekuru gishya cy’ikoranabuhanga rikoresha ingufu nyinshi cyane nka bateri ya sodium-ion. Minisiteri y’inganda n’ikoranabuhanga mu itumanaho (MIIT) yateje imbere kandi bateri nshya, nka bateri ya sodium-ion, nka ballast yo guteza imbere inganda nshya. Inganda zinganda za bateri ya sodium-ion nayo iri mubikorwa. Biteganijwe ko uko inganda zongera ishoramari, ikoranabuhanga rikura kandi urwego rwinganda rugenda rutera imbere buhoro buhoro, bateri ya sodium-ion ifite imikorere ihenze cyane biteganijwe ko izatwara igice cyisoko rya batiri ya lithium-ion.

Bateri ya Sodium-ion na batiri ya lithium-ion

• Carbone itari nziza ya electrode ya batiri ya sodium-ion ifite igiciro gito n'umwanya munini wo guhindura ugereranije na grafite.
• Ifu ya aluminiyumu irashobora gukoreshwa nkikusanyirizo ryubu kuri electrode nziza kandi mbi ya bateri ya sodium-ion. Batteri ya Litiyumu-ion ifite ubushobozi buke kandi igomba gukoresha feza y'umuringa itangirika. Ku rundi ruhande, bateri ya Sodium-ion, ifite ubushobozi buke bwo hejuru, ku buryo idashobora kuvangwa na sodium. Ifu ya aluminiyumu iri munsi yuburemere nigiciro kuruta ifu yumuringa.
• Muri electrolyte, gukomera kwa Na⁺ ni hafi 30% munsi ya Li⁺. Igipimo cyo gusesa ni kinini, kandi uburyo bwo kohereza amafaranga kuri electrode - interineti ya electrolyte ni nto, itanga imbaraga za electrode nziza. Kubwibyo, igipimo cyo gusohora sodium-ion yishyurwa kiri hejuru yubushyuhe bwinshi nubushyuhe buke, kandi ubushyuhe buke ni bwiza, kandi burashobora kwishyurwa vuba.
• Bateri ya Sodium-ion ifite amahitamo yagutse y'ibikoresho byiza bya electrode. Ibyuma byinzibacyuho hafi ya byose kumurongo wambere wimbonerahamwe yigihe gishobora gukoreshwa muri bateri ya sodium. Ibi biterwa nubunini bunini butandukanye hagati ya Na⁺ (radiyo 0.102nm) hamwe nicyuma cyinzibacyuho (radius 0.05-0.07nm), bifasha gutandukana kwabo.
• Imbere yo kurwanya bateri ya sodium-ion irarenze iyo ya batiri ya lithium-ion. Mugihe cyumuzunguruko mugufi, ubushyuhe bwako kanya ni buke, izamuka ryubushyuhe riratinda kandi ubushyuhe bwumuriro buruta ubwinshi bwa batiri ya lithium, kubwibyo bateri ya sodium-ion iba ifite umutekano.
• Iradiyo nini ya sodium-ion irashobora gutuma ibintu biturika mugihe ikuwe mubintu bya electrode, bityo bikagira ingaruka kumikorere rusange ya bateri hamwe nubusugire bwa electrode.
• Sodium ifite ubushobozi buke bwa electrode isanzwe (0.33V iruta lithium), bigatuma ingufu nkeya kandi bigatuma bigorana guhangana na bateri ya lithium-ion mumashanyarazi.

Iterambere ryubushakashatsi bugezweho

Mu myaka yashize, ubushakashatsi bwakozwe kuri bateri ya sodium-ion burimo ibikoresho bya cathode bidafite cobalt bigizwe na bateri ya sodium-ion, sulfate ya polyanionic ihendutse ya electrode nziza ya bateri ya sodium-ion, ibice bya nano-pb bikoreshwa muri electrode nziza ya sodium -ibateri yaion, ubushakashatsi bwibanze kubikoresho bya anode kama ya bateri ya sodium-ion kubishobora gukoreshwa mubucuruzi, okiside ishingiye kumabati hamwe na sulfide ikoreshwa nkibikoresho bya anode ya bateri ya sodium-ion, Nanoengineering yibikoresho bya karubone bigezweho muri bateri ya sodium-ion, no kubishyira mu bikorwa. yateye imbere muburyo buranga mukwiga bateri ya sodium-ion. Muri rusange, haracyari ahantu h’ubushakashatsi kugira ngo haboneke ibikoresho byiza kandi byiza bya electrode biturutse ku buryo bwo guhindura uburyo bwo guhindura, kunoza uburyo bwo gutegura no gushakisha uburyo bwo kubika sodium kugirango tunoze muri rusange ubushobozi bwa bateri ya sodium-ion.