Mbere ya 2000, Ubuyapani bwari bufite umwanya wa mbere ku isoko rya batiri ku isi. Nyamara, mu kinyejana cya 21, inganda za batiri zo mu Bushinwa na Koreya zazamutse vuba hamwe n’inyungu zihenze, bigira ingaruka zikomeye ku Buyapani, kandi umugabane w’isoko ku isi mu nganda za batiri z’Ubuyapani watangiye kugabanuka. Guhangana n’uko guhangana n’inganda za Batiri z’Ubuyapani byagabanutse buhoro buhoro, guverinoma y’Ubuyapani yatanze ingamba zifatika inshuro nyinshi kugirango iteze imbere inganda za batiri.

• Mu mwaka wa 2012, Ubuyapani bwasohoye Ingamba za Batiri, bushiraho intego y’umugabane w’Ubuyapani ku isoko ry’isi kugera kuri 50% muri 2020.
• Muri 2014, Inganda z’inganda za 2014 zatangajwe kugirango zisobanure umwanya wingenzi wa batiri mugutezimbere ibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi.
• Muri 2018, hasohotse “Gahunda ya gatanu y’ingufu shingiro”, ishimangira akamaro ka bateri mu iyubakwa ry’ingufu za “decarbonisation”.
• Muri verisiyo nshya ya 2050 Carbon Neutralisation Green Growth Strategy muri 2021, bateri ninganda zimodoka byashyizwe kumurongo nkimwe mubikorwa 14 byingenzi byiterambere.

Muri Kanama 2022, Minisiteri y’Ubukungu, Ubucuruzi n’Inganda (METI) yasohoye verisiyo nshya y’ingamba z’inganda za Batiri, zerekana incamake y’iterambere n’amasomo y’inganda z’abayapani kuva ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’ingamba za Batiri mu 2012, ikanateganya amategeko arambuye yo kuyashyira mu bikorwa kandi ikarita yumuhanda.

Umugabane wamasoko ya bateri yingufu zinganda zUbuyapani wagabanutse.

Inkunga y'amafaranga kuri bateri baturutse mu bihugu bitandukanye.

Guverinoma z'ibihugu bikomeye zashyize mu bikorwa inkunga nini ya politiki ya bateri. Byongeye kandi, Uburayi na Amerika byateje imbere imiyoboro ihamye yo gutanga bateri binyuze mu ngamba zo kugabanya imisoro.

Amerika

• Iminsi 100 yo gutanga batiri ya lithium isubiramo;
• ¡Miliyari 2.8 z'amadorali y'Amerika mu rwego rwo gushyigikira inganda zikoreshwa mu gihugu no gukora amabuye y'agaciro;
• Ibicuruzwa bifite igice kinini cyibikoresho bya batiri nibigize byaguzwe muri Amerika ya ruguru cyangwa ibihugu byagiranye amasezerano na FTA bizakoreshwa neza n’imisoro ya EV, hashingiwe ku itegeko ryo kugabanya ifaranga.

Uburayi

• Ishyirwaho ry’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’i Burayi (EBA) ryitabiriwe n’amasosiyete 500;
• Batteri, inkunga yinganda zinganda ninkunga yiterambere rya tekiniki;
• Imipaka ya karuboni, ubushakashatsi bwamabuye y'agaciro, hamwe no kubuza ibikoresho gutunganya (EU) 2023/1542.

Koreya y'Epfo

• 'K Gahunda yo Gutezimbere Bateri': gushimangira imisoro, kugabanya imisoro

Ubushinwa

• Imodoka nshya itera imbaraga;
• Inkunga yinganda za batiri no kugabanya igipimo cyimisoro yinjira (kuva 25% kugeza 15%) kubigo byujuje ubuziranenge

Tekereza kuri politiki zashize

• Kugeza ubu politiki ya batiri ningamba zibanze ni ukwibanda ku ishoramari mu iterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga rikomeye.
• Mu myaka yashize, ku nkunga ikomeye ya guverinoma, inganda z’Abashinwa n’Abanyakoreya zafashe Ubuyapani mu ikoranabuhanga rya litiro-ion y’amazi (LiB), cyane cyane mu bijyanye n’ibiciro, ryarenze Ubuyapani mu guhangana n’amahanga. Irushanwa ry’ishoramari n’abikorera ku isi, harimo Uburayi na Amerika, riragenda rikomera. Nubwo hari intambwe imaze guterwa mu iterambere ry’ikoranabuhanga rya bateri zose zikomeye, haracyari ibibazo bigomba gukemurwa mu gihe kiri imbere, kandi biteganijwe ko isoko rya LiB ry’amazi rizakomeza igihe runaka.
• Ibigo byabayapani byibanda gusa kumasoko yimbere mu gihugu, ntibireba neza iterambere ryisoko ryisi. Muri ubu buryo, mbere yuko bateri zose zikomeye-zishyirwa mubikorwa, amasosiyete yUbuyapani azaba ananiwe kandi ashobora kuva ku isoko.

Ingamba zo kuzamura ejo hazaza

1. Kwagura no kunonosora politiki yimbere mu gihugu kugirango hashyizweho ingufu z’Ubuyapani buri mwaka zingana na 150GWh muri 2030

• Ishyirahamwe ry’inganda za Batiri (BAJ) rizatangiza kandi ubufatanye n’imiryango nk’ishyirahamwe ry’inganda z’amashanyarazi mu Buyapani (JEMA), rigamije kugabanya ibiciro no kongera agaciro k’ibicuruzwa, no guteza imbere ubushakashatsi bw’ibikorwa bya batiri.
• Ishyirahamwe ry’Ubuyapani ritanga amasoko (BASC) rizakurikirana iterambere rigezweho ry’ishoramari mu nganda ku masosiyete y’abanyamuryango, hagamijwe guteza imbere leta n’abikorera ku giti cyabo gushimangira ishoramari muri batiri yo mu gihugu ndetse n’ibikorwa byo gukora ibikoresho.
• Kugirango habeho inyungu nshya muburyo bugezweho bwo gukora ibicuruzwa bya batiri hamwe nuburyo bugezweho bwo gukora hifashishijwe iterambere rya digitale (DX) no guhindura icyatsi (GX)

1. Sgushiraho ingamba zubufatanye bwisi yose hamwe nuburinganire bwisi

• Bizakora ibiganiro n’ubufatanye n’ibihugu byinshi (uturere) mu rwego rwo gutanga amasoko ya batiri ku isi, ubushakashatsi n’iterambere, guhanahana amakuru, no gushyiraho amategeko ajyanye no kuramba kwa batiri, kandi byihutishe ishyirwaho ry’ubufatanye bw’isi yose. Byongeye kandi, BASC ikora ibiganiro n’ubufatanye n’amatsinda bireba mu mahanga hashingiwe ku bufatanye n’itangwa ry’amasoko no guhuza ibigo mpuzamahanga. Kugirango habeho gutanga no gutunganya ibikoresho byuma bya bateri, kubaka ibisubizo bya batiri nibindi bikorwa remezo byubucuruzi.
• Guteza imbere ishyirwaho ryibipimo mpuzamahanga, nkuburyo bwo kubara ibirenge bya karubone, umwete ukwiye, ibiganiro mpuzamahanga ku buryo burambye. Ku nama ya IEC 63369 yerekeye uburyo bwa CFP bwo kubara ibirenge bya batiri ya litiro, BAJ izitangira guteza imbere ibipimo byerekana ibyo Ubuyapani buvuga.
• Nyuma yo kwemezwa kwemeza ikizamini kigufi cyimbere cyimbere hamwe nikigereranyo cyo gutwikwa (IEC 62619), BAJ izakomeza kuyobora ibiganiro byerekeranye n’imbere mu gihugu ndetse n’amahanga ku bijyanye n’umutekano wa batiri, imikorere, nibindi.
• BAJ izafatanya na NITE (Ibikorwa remezo bya tekiniki by’Ubuyapani mu gusuzuma ibicuruzwa) kugira ngo basuzume uburyo bwo gusuzuma umutekano n’imikorere ya bateri. Byongeye kandi, JEMA izakora kandi ubushakashatsi ku iterambere mpuzamahanga ry’ibisubizo bifashisha amasoko yatanzwe harimo na bateri yakozwe n’Ubuyapani.
• Gutezimbere imikoreshereze ya batiri kubikorwa bishya na serivisi zijyanye nayo. Kurugero, ubushobozi bwisoko ryisi yose yubwato bwamashanyarazi, indege, imashini zubuhinzi, nibindi kandi ugashakisha inkunga ya bateri kugirango yunguke amasoko yo mumahanga no guteza imbere ubucuruzi bushya. Byongeye kandi, kuzamura V2X iyobowe na V2H (Imodoka ijya murugo) nabyo bizaganirwaho.

1. Menya neza ibikoresho byo hejuru

• Kugirango ubone inkunga kumikoro yamasosiyete (kwagura ishoramari nizindi politiki zinyuranye, gushimangira imikorere yinguzanyo (koroshya ibyangombwa byo kurangiza). Gushimangira ubufatanye hagati yinganda n’amasosiyete akoresha bateri, abayikora, ibigo by'imari bya leta, nibindi, no gucukumbura gahunda yo kubaka sisitemu yo guharanira uburenganzira ninyungu.
• Mu rwego rwo guharanira uburenganzira n’inyungu, ubufatanye n’ibihugu bireba bizashimangirwa no gukora amahugurwa y’ishoramari n’inama z’abikorera ku giti cyabo n’ibihugu bifite umutungo (Ositaraliya, Amerika yepfo, Afurika, n’ibindi) kugira ngo uburenganzira n’inyungu bigerweho.
• Guteza imbere guhuza mpuzamahanga amabuye y'agaciro. Buri mwaka BASC izakora ubushakashatsi bwibibazo hamwe namasosiyete yabanyamuryango nkintego yo gukurikirana uko ishoramari riheruka.

1. Gutezimbere tekinoroji nshya

• Guteza imbere ubushakashatsi niterambere binyuze mu nganda-za kaminuza-ubufatanye bwa leta. Gushimangira inkunga yo guteza imbere ikoranabuhanga rya bateri izakurikiraho binyuze mu kigega cya Green Innovation Fund, n'ibindi. Kwihutisha iterambere rya bateri y'ibisekuruza bizaza n'ibikoresho bishingiye kuri bateri zose zikomeye (harimo no guteza imbere isuzuma ry'ibikoresho), no gutunganya tekinoloji yiterambere. Ahagana mu 2030, igamije kumenya imikoreshereze ifatika ya bateri zose zikomeye, hamwe nibyiza bya tekiniki muburyo bwa tekinoroji ya batiri harimo na bateri zigezweho (halide, bateri zinc anode, nibindi)
• Kunoza igeragezwa ryimikorere nibikoresho byo gusuzuma umutekano kuri bateri izakurikiraho, nibindi.
• Gushimangira isano iri hagati yubushakashatsi niterambere ryiterambere hamwe niterambere ryabakozi kuri bateri na bateri izakurikiraho irimo.

1. Kora isoko ryimbere mu gihugu

• Guteza imbere ikwirakwizwa ry’imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi. Kugeza 2035, 100% yo kugurisha imodoka zitwara abagenzi zizaba imodoka zamashanyarazi, kandi zishyigikire cyane kugura no kwishyuza ibikorwa remezo byubaka amashanyarazi.
• Guteza imbere gukwirakwiza bateri zo kubika ingufu, kandi ugerageze gukomeza guteza imbere ibishya
• ikoresha kuri bateri, shakisha ahantu hashya hashyirwa mubikorwa, utezimbere byimazeyo itandukaniro ryamasoko akenewe, kandi ushishikarize byimazeyo iterambere ryinganda za batiri
• Ku bijyanye na sisitemu yo kubika ingufu ihujwe na sisitemu y’amashanyarazi, urebye ko izaba igizwe n’ibikorwa remezo by’amashanyarazi mu gihe kiri imbere, BAJ izafatanya n’amatsinda bireba kurinda umutekano wa sisitemu yo kubika n’umutekano usabwa nkibikorwa remezo by’amashanyarazi.

1. Shimangira amahugurwa yimpano

• Gushiraho "Kansai Battery Talent Training Centre" mukarere ka Kansai aho inganda zijyanye na batiri zibanda cyane, no gukoresha ibikoresho bigezweho byo gusesengura ikigo cya Kansai hamwe nibikoresho byo gukora batiri kugirango bigishe imyuga.

1. Komeza ingufu za batiri zo murugo no gukoresha ibidukikije

• Kugirango ushyireho intego ya sisitemu yo gutunganya ibicuruzwa mu gihugu mbere ya 2030, urusheho gusobanukirwa uruzinduko rwa bateri zashenywe, gushimangira ubushobozi bwo gutunganya ibicuruzwa byakoreshejwe, Kwiga no gufata ingamba zo gutangiza isoko rya batiri ryakoreshejwe, no kubaka umusingi w’ibicuruzwa. BASC izateza imbere ibipimo ngarukamwaka no kuganira ku buryo bworoshye bwo gutunganya ibicuruzwa bya batiri, n'ibindi. JEMA izafatanya kubaka ibisubizo bitunganyirizwa muri sisitemu yo kubika lithium-ion.
• Gutezimbere ibiganiro kubyerekeranye ningufu zitangwa nuburyo bwo kohereza bizafasha kuzamura ihiganwa ryinganda. Ni ngombwa kandi gutanga ibidukikije byiza byo gukora bateri (ubutaka buhendutse n'amashanyarazi). Byongeye kandi, ibiganiro kuri gahunda yo kugabanya fagitire y’amashanyarazi y’Ubuyapani bizatezwa imbere no kugenzura ibiciro by’ingufu, nibindi.
• Kuvugurura amabwiriza abigenga (Itegeko ryo gukingira umuriro). BAJ igira kandi uruhare muri gahunda yo kongera kuganira ku ngingo zijyanye n’amategeko agenga kurinda umuriro, harimo: ① yerekeranye no gutandukanya n’ubushobozi bunini bw’ubwoko bwa batiri (ubushobozi 4800Ah, kuvugurura amabwiriza agenga ibice); ②Ku bijyanye no kongera gusuzuma bishingiye ku bikoresho bya batiri. . bihwanye na 17.76kWh) cyangwa hejuru.
• Guhuza ibyuma nibikoresho bya software bijyanye nibikoresho byo gukora

IN INCAMAKE

Isesengura riva mu Buyapani bushya bwa “Ingamba za Batiri”

1) Ubuyapani buzongera gushimangira isoko rya batiri ya lithium-ion kandi bishimangira ubushobozi mpuzamahanga bwo guhangana na bateri mu bice bitatu bikurikira: kuramba (Ikirenge cya Carbone, gutunganya ibicuruzwa, umutekano wa batiri); Guhindura muburyo bwa digitale (gukora ubwenge no kwiteza imbere, guhuza IoT, serivisi zijyanye na bateri, ubwenge bwubukorikori) no guhindura icyatsi (iterambere rya batiri-ikomeye, kugabanya gukoresha ingufu).

2) Ubuyapani buzakomeza guteza imbere imbaraga zabwo mubijyanye na bateri zikomeye hamwe na gahunda yo kubyaza umusaruro no gukoresha bateri zikomeye muri 2030.

3) Guteza imbere kumenyekanisha ibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi ku isoko ryimbere mu gihugu no kumenya amashanyarazi yimodoka zose

4) Kwitondera gutunganya bateri, gushyiraho ibipimo ngenderwaho, gutunganya uburyo bwo gutunganya ibicuruzwa, kunoza imikoreshereze ya batiri, nibindi.

Duhereye kuri iyi politiki yinganda za batiri, birashobora kugaragara ko Ubuyapani bwatangiye kumenya amakosa ya politiki yingufu zabo kera. Hagati aho, politiki nshya yashyizweho irahuza cyane n’iterambere ry’inganda, cyane cyane politiki yo gutunganya ibicuruzwa bya batiri-byose-bikomeye.