Igipimo gisanzwe cya ANSI / CAN / UL / ULC 2271-2023, gisaba kwipimisha umutekano wa batiri kubinyabiziga byoroheje byamashanyarazi (LEV), byasohotse muri Nzeri 2023 kugirango bisimbuze ibipimo bishaje bya verisiyo ya 2018.Iyi verisiyo nshya yubuziranenge ifite impinduka mubisobanuro , ibisabwa byubatswe, nibisabwa byo kugerageza.

Impinduka mubisobanuro

• Kwiyongera kwa sisitemu yo gucunga bateri (BMS) ibisobanuro: Inzira yo kugenzura bateri ifite ibikoresho birinda umutekano bikurikirana kandi bikabungabunga selile mukarere kabo gakoreramo: kandi ikabuza kwishyuza birenze urugero, kurenza urugero, ubushyuhe bukabije, ubushyuhe buke nubushyuhe bukabije bwimikorere ya selile.
• Ongeraho ibisobanuro bya moto yamashanyarazi: Ikinyabiziga gifite amashanyarazi gifite icyicaro cyangwa indogobe yo gukoresha uyigenderaho kandi cyagenewe kugenda mumagare atarenze atatu ahura na groud, ariko ukuyemo traktori. Amapikipiki y'amashanyarazi yongerewe imbaraga kugirango akoreshwe mumihanda nyabagendwa harimo n'imihanda minini.
• Ongeraho ibisobanuro byamashanyarazi Scooter: Igikoresho gipima munsi yibiro ijana ko:

a) Ifite imbaho, ikibaho hasi cyangwa intebe ishobora guhagarara cyangwa kwicara ku mukoresha, na moteri y'amashanyarazi;

b) Irashobora gukoreshwa na moteri yamashanyarazi na / cyangwa imbaraga zabantu; na

c) Ifite umuvuduko ntarengwa wa nomore urenze 20hh hejuru yuburinganire bwa kaburimbo iyo ikoreshwa na moteri yamashanyarazi gusa.

Guhindura ingero za LEV: Moto yamashanyarazi ikurwaho kandi ibinyabiziga bitagira abapilote (UAV) byongeweho.

• Ongeraho Igikoresho cya E-mobile Igisobanuro: Igikoresho cyumuguzi cyongerewe imbaraga kubagenzi umwe hamwe na gari ya moshi yumuriro wamashanyarazi iringaniza kandi igatwara uyigenderaho, kandi whcih irashobora guhabwa ikiganza cyo gufata mugihe ugenda. Iyi devide irashobora cyangwa ntishobora kuba iringaniza.
• Ongeraho ibisobanuro byuburinzi bwibanze burenze urugero, kurinda umutekano wibanze, ibikoresho birinda umutekano, nibikoresho birinda pasiporo.
• Kwiyongera kwa Sodium Ion Cells ibisobanuro: Ingirabuzimafatizo zisa nubwubatsi na selile ya lithium usibye ko zikoresha sodium nka ion yo gutwara hamwe na electrode nziza igizwe na sodium, hamwe na karubone cyangwa ubwoko bwa anode hamwe n'amazi cyangwa adafite amazi. hamwe na sodium ivanze yumunyu ushonga muri electrolyte.

Impinduka mubisabwa

Ibice Byuma Kurwanya Ruswa

1.Ibikoresho byo kubika ingufu z'amashanyarazi zo mu mutwe (EESA) bigomba kwihanganira ruswa. Uruzitiro rw'ibyuma bikozwe mu bikoresho bikurikira bizatekerezwa kubahiriza ibisabwa byo kurwanya ruswa:

Umuringa, aluminium, cyangwa ibyuma bidafite ingese; na

b) Umuringa cyangwa umuringa, kimwe muri byo kirimo byibuze umuringa 80%.

2.Kongera ibisabwa byo kurwanya ruswa kubirindiro bya ferrous:

Inzitiro za ferrous zo gukoreshwa mu nzu zigomba gukingirwa kwangirika no gushushanya, gushushanya, gushushanya, cyangwa ubundi buryo busa. Ibirindiro bya ferrous byo gusaba hanze bigomba kubahiriza amasaha 600 yo gutera umunyu muri CSA C22.2 No 94.2 / UL 50E. Ubundi buryo bwo kugera kuburinzi bwa ruswa ukurikije CSA C22.2 No 94.2 / UL 50E burashobora kwemerwa.

Urwego rwo Kwirinda no Kurinda

Iyubahirizwa rya sisitemu yo gukingira irashobora gusuzumwa ukurikije ikintu gishya cyubwenge cyikigereranyo cyiki gipimo - ikizamini cyo gukomeza.

Isesengura ry'umutekano

1.Kongera ingero zisesengura ryumutekano. Isesengura ryumutekano wa sisitemu rigomba kwerekana ko ibintu bikurikira bidakwiye. Ibikurikira bizasuzumwa byibuze, ariko ntibigarukira gusa:

a) Akagari ka Bateri hejuru ya voltage na munsi ya voltage;

b) Bateri irenze ubushyuhe n'ubushyuhe buke; na

c) Batteri irenze-kwishyuza no gusohora ibintu.

2.Guhindura ibikoresho byo kurinda umutekano (ibyuma) ibisabwa:

a) Ibisabwa bya Farilure-Mode hamwe nisesengura ryingaruka (FMEA) muri UL 991;

b) Kurinda Amakosa Yimbere kugirango Yizere ko Umutekano Ukenewe muri UL 60730-1 cyangwa CSA E60730-1 (Ingingo H.27.1.2); cyangwa

c) Kurinda Amakosa kugirango Wizere ko Ibisabwa Umutekano Bikorwa (Icyiciro B gisabwa) muri CSA C22.2 No.0.8 (Igice cya 5.5) kugirango hamenyekane iyubahirizwa no kumenya ibizamini bikenewe kugirango hamenyekane kwihanganira amakosa.

3.Guhindura umutekano urinda doevide (software) ibisabwa:

a) UL 1998 ；

b) Porogaramu Icyiciro cya B ibisabwa bya CSA C22.2 No.0.8; cyangwa

c) Amakimbirane akoresheje ibisabwa bya software (ibisabwa mu cyiciro cya B ibisabwa muri UL 60730-1 (Ingingo H.11.12) cyangwa CSA E60730-1.

4.Kongera ibisabwa bya BMS mukurinda selile.

Niba wishingikirije kubungabunga selile mugihe cyagenwe cyagenwe, sisitemu yo gucunga bateri (BMS) igomba kugumana selile mumashanyarazi yagenwe hamwe nimbibi zubu kugirango irinde kwishyurwa no gusohora cyane. BMS igomba kandi kubungabunga selile mubipimo byubushyuhe byagenwe bitanga uburinzi bwo gushyuha no gukora ubushyuhe. Mugihe cyo gusuzuma imirongo yumutekano kugirango hamenyekane ko akarere gakorera mukarere kagumaho, kwihanganira imiyoboro ikingira / ibice bizasuzumwa. Ibigize nka fus, ibyuma byumuzunguruko cyangwa ibindi bikoresho nibice byagenwe bikenewe mugikorwa gikenewe cya sisitemu ya batiri isabwa gutangwa nyuma yo gukoresha LEV, bizamenyekana mumabwiriza yo kwishyiriraho.

Ongeraho ibisabwa byumuzunguruko.

Niba imipaka ikora irenze, umuzenguruko urinda ugomba kugabanya cyangwa guhagarika kwishyuza cyangwa gusohora kugirango wirinde ingendo zirenze imipaka. Iyo ibintu bishobora guteza akaga, sisitemu igomba gukomeza gutanga ibikorwa byumutekano cyangwa kujya muri leta itekanye (SS) cyangwa ibyago byakemuwe (RA). Niba imikorere yumutekano yangiritse, sisitemu igomba kuguma mumutekano muke cyangwa ibyago byakemuwe kugeza igihe ibikorwa byumutekano byagaruwe kandi sisitemu yabonetse ko byemewe gukora.

Ongeraho ibisabwa EMC.

Inzira zikomeye za leta hamwe nubugenzuzi bwa software, bishingiye ku kurinda umutekano w’ibanze, bizasuzumwa kandi bipimishe kugira ngo hamenyekane ubudahangarwa bwa electromagnetic hakurikijwe ibizamini by’ubudahangarwa bwa Electromagnetic ya UL 1973 niba bitageragejwe mu rwego rwo gusuzuma ibipimo ngenderwaho by’umutekano.

Akagari

1.Kongera ibisabwa kuri selile ya Sodium. Sodium ion selile igomba kubahiriza ibisabwa na sodium ion selile ya UL / ULC 2580 (bisa nibikorwa hamwe nibimenyetso bisabwa kugirango selile ya kabiri ya lithium muri UL / ULC 2580), harimo kubahiriza ibizamini byose byakozwe kuri selile.

2.Kongera ibisabwa kuri selile zongeye kugaruka. Sisitemu ya batiri na bateri ukoresheje selile na bateri zasubiwemo bigomba kwemeza ko ibice byasubiwemo byanyuze muburyo bwemewe bwo gusubiramo ukurikije UL 1974.

Kugerageza Impinduka

Ikizamini kirenze

• Ongeraho ibisabwa ko mugihe cyibizamini, hapimwa voltage yingirabuzimafatizo.
• Ongeraho ibisabwa ko Niba BMS igabanije kwishyuza kuri valve yo hepfo hafi yicyiciro cyo kwishyuza, sample igomba kwishyurwa ubudahwema no kugabanya amashanyarazi kugeza igihe ibisubizo bibaye.
• Gusiba ibyasabwaga ko niba igikoresho cyo gukingira umuzunguruko gikora, ikizamini gisubirwamo byibuze iminota 10 kuri 90% byurugendo rwibikoresho birinda cyangwa ku ijanisha runaka ryurugendo rwemerera kwishyuza.
• Kwiyongera kubisabwa ko kubisubizo byikizamini kirenze urugero, umuyaga mwinshi wogupima wapimwe kuri selile ntushobora kurenga aho basanzwe bakorera.

kwishyurwa hejuru

• Ongeraho Ikizamini Cyinshi cyo Kwishyuza (ibisabwa kimwe na UL 1973);
• Gutinda kwa BMS nabyo birasuzumwa mubisubizo byikizamini: Umuyoboro mwinshi urashobora kurenza igihe kinini cyo kwishyuza mugihe gito (mumasegonda make) kiri mugihe cyo gutinda kwa BMS.

Inzira ngufi

• Kurandura icyifuzo ko niba igikoresho kirinda umuzunguruko gikora, ikizamini gisubirwamo kuri 90% byurugendo rwibikoresho byo kurinda cyangwa ku ijanisha rimwe ryurugendo rwemerera kwishyurwa byibuze min 10.

OverloadMunsiGusezererwaT.est

• Kwiyongera Kurenza Ibizamini byo Gusohora (ibisabwa mubizamini ni kimwe na UL 1973)

Kurenza urugero

• Kwiyongera kubisabwa ko voltage ya selile igomba gupimwa mugihe cyizamini.
• Kwiyongera kubisabwa ko nkibisubizo byikigereranyo kirenze urugero, voltage ntarengwa yo gusohoka yapimwe kuri selile ntishobora kurenga ibikorwa bisanzwe.

Ikizamini cy'ubushyuhe (kuzamuka k'ubushyuhe)

• Kwiyongera kubisabwa ko niba ibipimo ntarengwa byo kwishyuza bitandukanijwe nubushyuhe, inzandiko zandikirwa hagati yubushyuhe hamwe nubushyuhe zigomba gusobanurwa neza mumabwiriza yo kwishyuza kandi DUT igomba kwishyurwa munsi yuburemere bukabije.
• Hindura ibisabwa mbere-yimiterere. Inzira yo kwishyuza no gusohora noneho isubirwamo byibuze byibuze 2 byuzuye byuzuye byo kwishyuza no gusohora, kugeza igihe ikurikirana ryikurikiranya hamwe nogusohora bidakomeza kongera ubushyuhe ntarengwa bwa selile burenze 2 ° C。 (birakenewe kwishyurwa 5 no gusohora muri verisiyo ishaje)
• Kwiyongera kubisabwa ko kurinda ubushyuhe nibikoresho byokwirinda birenze urugero ntibishobora gukora.

Ikizamini cyo gukomeza

Ongeraho Ikizamini cyo Gukomeza (Ibizamini bisabwa ni kimwe na UL 2580)

Ikizamini kimwe cyo kunanirwa gushushanya Ikizamini cyo kwihanganira

Batteri ya kabiri ya lithium ifite ingufu zapimwe zirenze 1kWh igomba gukorerwa ikizamini kimwe cyo kunanirwa kwishusho ya UL / ULC 2580).

Incamakey

Verisiyo nshya ya UL 2271 ihagarika moto yamashanyarazi murwego rwibicuruzwa (moto zamashanyarazi zizashyirwa murwego rwa UL 2580) kandi yongeraho drone; hamwe niterambere rya bateri ya sodium-ion, LEV nyinshi ninshi zikoresha nkumuriro w'amashanyarazi. Ibisabwa kuri selile-ion selile byongewe muburyo bushya bwa verisiyo. Mu rwego rwo kwipimisha, ibisobanuro byikizamini nabyo byatejwe imbere kandi hitabwa cyane ku mutekano w’akagari. Guhunga ubushyuhe byongewe kuri bateri nini.

Mbere, Umujyi wa New York wari wategetse ko bateri z’amagare y’amashanyarazi, ibimoteri by’amashanyarazi, n’ibinyabiziga by’amashanyarazi byoroheje (LEV) bigomba kubahiriza UL 2271. Iri vugurura risanzwe kandi ni ukugenzura byimazeyo umutekano wa batiri y’amagare y’amashanyarazi n’ibindi bikoresho. Niba amasosiyete ashaka kwinjira neza ku isoko ry’amajyaruguru ya Amerika, agomba kumva no kubahiriza ibisabwa mu bipimo bishya mu gihe gikwiye.