Amavu n'amavuko

Ku ya 16 Kamena 2023, Inteko Ishinga Amategeko y’Uburayi n’Inama y’Uburayi bemeje amategeko yiswe Ecodeign Regulation kugira ngo ifashe abaguzi guhitamo neza kandi birambye iyo baguzemobilena terefone idafite umugozi, hamwe na tableti, bikaba ingamba zo gukora ibyo bikoresho kurushaho gukoresha ingufu, biramba kandi byoroshye gusana. Aya mabwiriza akurikiza icyifuzo cya Komisiyo mu Gushyingo 2022, hashingiwe ku Mabwiriza y’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi. (Reba nomero yacu 31 “ Isoko ry’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi rirateganya kongera ibisabwa mu buzima bwa cycle ya bateri ikoreshwa muri terefone ngendanwa“), Igamije gukora EU's ubukungu burambye, kuzigama ingufu nyinshi, kugabanya ibirenge bya karubone no gushyigikira ubucuruzi buzenguruka.

Amabwiriza ya Ecodeign ashyiraho ibisabwa byibuze kuri terefone igendanwa kandi idafite umugozi na tableti ku isoko ry’Uburayi. Irasaba ko:

• Ibicuruzwa birashobora kurwanya ibitonyanga bitunguranye cyangwa gushushanya, umukungugu n'amazi, kandi biraramba bihagije. Batteri igomba kugumana byibuze 80% yubushobozi bwayo bwa mbere nyuma yo kwihanganira byibuze inzinguzingo 800 zo kwishyuza no gusohora.
• Hagomba kubaho amategeko yo gusenya no gusana. Abaproducer bagomba gukora ibice byingenzi byabigenewe kubasana muminsi 5-10 y'akazi. Ibi bigomba kubungabungwa kugeza nyuma yimyaka 7 nyuma yo kugurisha ibicuruzwa byibicuruzwa kumasoko yuburayi.
• Kuboneka kwa sisitemu y'imikorere kuzamura igihe kirekire: byibuze imyaka 5 nyuma yuko ibicuruzwa bishyizwe kumasoko.
• lKutavangura kubasana babigize umwuga kuri software iyo ari yo yose cyangwa porogaramu ikenewe kugirango isimburwe.

Ecodeign hamwe n amategeko mashya ya bateri

Mu ibanziriza itegeko rishya rya Batiri, rivuga ko “kuri bateri zikoreshwa muri terefone zigendanwa na tableti, imikorere n'ibisabwa biramba muri izo bateri bigomba gushyirwaho binyuze mu mabwiriza agenga ecodeign ya terefone igendanwa.” Kugeza ubu, ntarengwa byateganijwe ku mikorere y’amashanyarazi n’ibipimo biramba bya bateri zigendanwa ntibirasobanurwa neza, kandi bizagenwa nyuma y’amezi 48 nyuma y’ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’amategeko mashya. Mu kugena izo ndangagaciro ziteganijwe, Komisiyo izabikorakwishingikirizaku bisabwa n'amabwiriza ya ecodeign.

Ibisabwa bya ecodeign (Batteri)

Kuri bateri zikoreshwa muri terefone zigendanwa na tableti, hari ibisabwa bikurikira muri aya mabwiriza:

Ubuzima bwa Batteri Ubuzima: Uwabikoze, uwatumije mu mahanga, cyangwa uhagarariye abiherewe uburenganzira agomba kwemeza ko igikoresho cyihanganira byibuze inzinguzingo 800 zo kwishyuza no gusohora kandi kigakomeza nibura 80% yubushobozi bwambere. Iyo igeragezwa mugihe cyo kwishyuza, ingufu zumuriro zigarukira kuri sisitemu yo gucunga bateri, ntabwo nubushobozi bwo gutanga amashanyarazi. (Reba: IEC EN 61960-3: 2017)

Sisitemu yo gucunga bateri: Amakuru akurikira ya sisitemu yo gucunga bateri agomba kwandikwa mumiterere ya sisitemu cyangwa ahandi hantu hashobora kugera kumukoresha wa nyuma:

1. Itariki yatangiweho;
2. Itariki umukoresha wa mbere akoresha bwa mbere bateri nyuma yo kuyishiraho;
3. Umubare w'amafaranga yishyurwa / asohoka (reba ubushobozi bwagenwe);
4. Imiterere yubuzima (hasigaye ubushobozi bwuzuye bwuzuye ugereranije nubushobozi bwagenwe, igice ni%).

Imicungire ya bateri igomba kugira imikorere yo kwishyuza itabishaka, muriyoguhagarika byikoraeubushakekora iyo bateri yishyuwe kuri 80% SOC.

1. Iyo iyi mikorere ifunguye, uwabikoze, uwatumije mu mahanga cyangwa uhagarariye abiherewe uburenganzira arashobora gutuma igikoresho gishobora kwaka bateri buri gihe kugirango igumane igereranya ryukuri rya batiri SOC. Abakoresha barashobora guhitamo iyi mikorere mugihe babanje kwishyuza igikoresho cyangwa bagahita babimenyeshwa mugihe cyo kwishyiriraho, noneho bizajya byishyuza bateri kugeza 80% yubushobozi bwuzuye kugirango wongere ubuzima bwa bateri.
2. Uruganda, uwatumije mu mahanga cyangwa uhagarariye abemerewe agomba gutanga imicungire yingufu zamashanyarazi, muburyo budasanzwe, zemeza ko nta zindi mbaraga zihinduka zitangwa kuri bateri nyuma yuko bateri yuzuye, keretse iyo iri munsi ya 95% yubushobozi ntarengwa bwo kwishyuza.

Batteri ikwiye gukurwaho?

Hariho uburyo bubiri bwo gusenya bateri no kuyisimbuza:

Gusimburwa bisanzwe (kuvanwaho)

• Kwizirika bigomba kongera gutangwa cyangwa gukoreshwa;
• Igikorwa cyo gusimbuza kizashoboka mubihe bikurikira: nta bikoresho, hamwe kimwe cyangwa kimwe cyibikoresho bifatanye nibicuruzwa cyangwa ibice, hamwe nibikoresho byibanze.
• Igikorwa cyo gusimbuza gishobora gukorwa mubidukikije;
• Igikorwa cyo gusimbuza kigomba gushobora gukorwa nabakunzi.

Kubungabunga umwuga (ntibikurwaho)

• Uburyo bwo gusimbuza bateri bugomba kubahiriza ibipimo byagenwe. Uruganda, uwatumije mu mahanga cyangwa uhagarariye abiherewe uburenganzira agomba gukora ibice bya batiri kuriabasana,harimo ibifunga bisabwa (niba bidashobora gukoreshwa), kandi kugeza byibuze nyuma yimyaka 7 nyuma yitariki yo gushyira ku isoko;
• Nyuma yinzinguzingo 500 zuzuye, bateri igomba kuba mumashanyarazi yuzuye ifite ubushobozi busigaye byibuze 83% byubushobozi bwagenwe;
• Batare igomba kuba ifite ubuzima bwinzira byibura 1.000 yuzuye, kandi nyuma yizunguruka 1.000 yuzuye, bateri igomba kuba mumashanyarazi yuzuye byibuze 80% yubushobozi bwagenwe busigaye;
• Ibikoresho bigomba kuba bitarimo umukungugu, kandi bigashobora kwibizwa mumazi maremare byibura metero 30 (IP67).

Incamake

Amabwiriza mashya ya Ecodeign azagira igihe cyinzibacyuho cyamezi 21. Nta mpinduka nini ugereranije nimbanzirizamushinga yabanjirije iyi, kandi hariho ubusonerwe bwa bateri zishobora gukenerwa kuri terefone igendanwa na tableti yinjira muri EU. Ibi birasaba ko ibikoresho nibikoresho bigomba gutangwa kubakozi basimbuye bateri babigize umwuga, kandi bateri igomba kuba yujuje imikorere yagenwe.