Ingano yimikorere ya sisitemu yo kubika ingufu muri iki gihe ikubiyemo ibintu byose byerekeranye n’ingufu z’ingufu, harimo n’ibisanzwe bitanga ingufu nini nini, kubyara ingufu zishobora kongera ingufu, gukwirakwiza amashanyarazi, imiyoboro ikwirakwiza, hamwe n’imicungire y’amashanyarazi ku iherezo ry’abakoresha. Mubikorwa bifatika, sisitemu yo kubika ingufu igomba guhuza ingufu za DC nkeya zitanga mu buryo butaziguye kuri voltage nini ya AC ya voltage ya gride ikoresheje inverter. Muri icyo gihe, inverters nayo isabwa gukomeza umurongo wa gride mugihe habaye kwivanga kwinshi, kugirango ugere kuri gride ihuza sisitemu yo kubika ingufu. Kugeza ubu, ibihugu bimwe na bimwe byatanze ibisabwa bijyanye na sisitemu yo kubika ingufu hamwe na inverter. Muri byo, sisitemu isanzwe ihuza imiyoboro yatanzwe na Amerika, Ubudage, n'Ubutaliyani biragutse cyane, bizatangizwa ku buryo burambuye hepfo.

Amerika

Mu 2003, Ikigo cy’abashinzwe amashanyarazi n’ikoranabuhanga (IEEE) cyo muri Amerika cyasohoye igipimo cya IEEE1547, kikaba cyari cyo cyambere cyo gukwirakwiza amashanyarazi. Nyuma, IEEE 1547 yuruhererekane rwibipimo (IEEE 1547.1 ~ IEEE 1547.9) byasohotse, hashyirwaho uburyo bwuzuye bwikoranabuhanga rya enterineti. Igisobanuro cyingufu zagabanijwe muri Reta zunzubumwe zamerika cyagiye buhoro buhoro kiva mubyambere byoroheje byagabanijwe kubyara ingufu kugeza kubikwa ingufu, igisubizo gikenewe, gukoresha ingufu, ibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi nizindi nzego. Kugeza ubu, sisitemu yo kubika ingufu hamwe na inverter zoherejwe muri Amerika bigomba kuba byujuje ubuziranenge bwa IEEE 1547 na IEEE 1547.1, ibyo bikaba aribyo byangombwa byinjira ku isoko ry’Amerika.

Umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’i Burayi

Amabwiriza y’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi 2016/631Gushiraho umuyoboro wa kode kubisabwa kugirango umuyoboro uhuza amashanyarazi . Muri byo, EN 50549-1 / -2 ni ihame rihuza amabwiriza. Birakwiye ko tumenya ko nubwo sisitemu yo kubika ingufu itari mu rwego rwo gushyira mu bikorwa amabwiriza ya RfG, yashyizwe mu rwego rwo gushyira mu bikorwa urutonde rwa EN 50549. Kugeza ubu, sisitemu yo kubika ingufu zihuza ingufu zinjira ku isoko ry’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi muri rusange zigomba kuba zujuje ibyangombwa bisabwa na EN 50549-1 / -2, kimwe n’ibindi bihugu by’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi.

Ubudage

Mu ntangiriro za 2000, Ubudage bwatangaje UwitekaAmategeko y’ingufu zishobora kuvugururwa. Kubera ko umurongo ngenderwaho wa gride washyizeho gusa ibisabwa muri rusange, Ubudage bw’ingufu z’umuyaga n’andi mashyirahamwe y’iterambere ry’ingufu zishobora kongera ingufu (FGW) nyuma bwashyizeho urutonde rw’ibipimo bya tekinike TR1 ~ TR8 bishingiye kuri EEG. Nyuma,Ubudage yasohoye agashyainteguroya voltage yo hagati ya gride ihuza umurongo ngenderwaho VDE-AR-N 4110: 2018 muri 2018 ukurikije amabwiriza ya EU RfG, gusimbuza umurongo wambere wa BDEW.Uwiteka Icyitegererezo cyerekana iki gitabo gikubiyemo ibice bitatu: kugerageza ubwoko, kugereranya icyitegererezo na icyemezo, gishyirwa mu bikorwa hakurikijwe ibipimo TR3, TR4 na TR8 byatanzwe na FGW. KuriUmuvuduko mwinshiimiyoboro ihuza imiyoboro,VDE-AR-N-4120bizakurikizwa.

Ubutaliyani

Komisiyo y’amashanyarazi y’Ubutaliyani (COMITATO ELETTROTECNICO ITALIANO, CEI) yasohoye ibipimo ngenderwaho bijyanye n’umuvuduko ukabije w’amashanyarazi, hagati y’umuvuduko ukabije n’umuvuduko mwinshi w’amashanyarazi kugira ngo ubike ingufu za sisitemu yo guhuza imiyoboro isabwa, ikoreshwa ku bikoresho bibika ingufu bihujwe na sisitemu y’amashanyarazi y’Ubutaliyani. Ibipimo byombi nibisabwa byinjira muri sisitemu yo kubika ingufu zihuza ingufu mu Butaliyani.

Ibindi bihugu by’Uburayi

Imiyoboro ihuza imiyoboro y’ibindi bihugu by’Uburayi ntabwo izasobanurwa hano, kandi hazashyirwa ku rutonde ibipimo ngenderwaho byemewe.

Ubushinwa

Ubushinwa bwatangiye gutinda mu guteza imbere sisitemu yo kubika ingufu za tekinoroji. Kugeza ubu, ibipimo ngenderwaho byigihugu byo kubika ingufu za gride bihujwe birategurwa kandi birekurwa. Byizerwa ko sisitemu yuzuye ihuza imiyoboro isanzwe izashyirwaho mugihe kizaza.

Incamake

Ikoranabuhanga ryo kubika ingufu ni byanze bikunze bigize inzibacyuho y’ingufu zishobora kongera ingufu, kandi ikoreshwa rya sisitemu yo kubika ingufu zahujwe na gride irihuta, biteganijwe ko izagira uruhare runini muri gride. Kugeza ubu, ibihugu byinshi bizarekura imiyoboro ihuza imiyoboro ikurikije uko ibintu bimeze. Kubakora sisitemu yo kubika ingufu, birakenewe kumva neza ibisabwa kugirango isoko ryinjire mbere yo gutegura ibicuruzwa, kugirango huzuzwe neza ibisabwa n'amategeko agenga ibyoherezwa mu mahanga, kugabanya igihe cyo kugenzura ibicuruzwa, no gushyira ibicuruzwa ku isoko vuba.