Impamyabumenyi Yerekana Ingufu Intangiriro,
Impamyabumenyi Yerekana Ingufu Intangiriro,

Icyemezo cya CE ni iki?

Ikimenyetso cya CE ni “pasiporo” y'ibicuruzwa byinjira ku isoko ry’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi n’isoko ry’ibihugu by’Ubucuruzi ku Buntu. Ibicuruzwa byose biteganijwe (bigira uruhare muburyo bushya bwo kuyobora), byaba bikozwe hanze y’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi cyangwa mu bihugu bigize Umuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi, kugira ngo bikwirakwizwe mu bwisanzure ku isoko ry’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi, bigomba kuba byujuje ibisabwa n’amabwiriza ndetse n’ibipimo bifatika mbere yo kuba yashyizwe ku isoko ry’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi, hanyuma ushireho ikimenyetso cya CE. Iki nicyo gisabwa itegeko ryumuryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi ku bicuruzwa bifitanye isano, ritanga ubuziranenge bwa tekinike ihuriweho n’ubucuruzi bw’ibicuruzwa by’ibihugu bitandukanye ku isoko ry’iburayi kandi byoroshya inzira z’ubucuruzi.

CENi ubuhe buyobozi bwa CE?

Aya mabwiriza ni inyandiko ishinga amategeko yashyizweho n’inama y’umuryango w’ibihugu by’i Burayi na Komisiyo y’Uburayi babiherewe uburenganziraAmasezerano y’umuryango w’ibihugu by’i Burayi. Amabwiriza akoreshwa kuri bateri ni:

2006/66 / EC & 2013/56 / EU: Amabwiriza ya Batiri. Batteri zubahiriza aya mabwiriza zigomba kugira imyanda ishobora kwerekana;

2014/30 / EU: Amabwiriza yo guhuza amashanyarazi (Amabwiriza ya EMC). Batteri zubahiriza aya mabwiriza zigomba kugira ikimenyetso cya CE;

2011/65 / EU: Amabwiriza ya ROHS. Batteri zubahiriza aya mabwiriza zigomba kugira ikimenyetso cya CE;

Inama: Gusa mugihe ibicuruzwa byujuje amabwiriza yose ya CE (ikimenyetso cya CE kigomba gukenerwa), ikimenyetso cya CE gishobora kwandikwa mugihe ibisabwa byose byubuyobozi byujujwe.

NeIcyangombwa cyo gusaba icyemezo cya CE

Ibicuruzwa byose biva mu bihugu bitandukanye bifuza kwinjira mu muryango w’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi n’ubucuruzi bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi bigomba gusaba ibyangombwa byemewe na CE na CE byashyizwe ku bicuruzwa. Kubwibyo, icyemezo cya CE ni pasiporo y'ibicuruzwa byinjira mu bihugu by’Uburayi no mu bucuruzi bw’Uburayi.

Inyungu zo gusaba ibyemezo bya CE

1. Amategeko y’ubumwe bw’ibihugu by’Uburayi, hamwe no guhuza ibipimo ntabwo ari byinshi mu bwinshi, ariko kandi biragoye mubirimo. Kubwibyo, kubona icyemezo cya CE ni amahitamo meza cyane yo gukoresha igihe n'imbaraga kimwe no kugabanya ingaruka;

2. Icyemezo cya CE gishobora gufasha kugirirwa ikizere n’abaguzi n’ikigo gishinzwe kugenzura isoko ku rugero runini;

3. Irashobora gukumira neza ikibazo cyinshingano zidafite ishingiro;

4. Imbere yimanza, icyemezo cya CE kizahinduka ibimenyetso bya tekiniki byemewe n'amategeko;

5. Nibimara guhanwa n’ibihugu by’Uburayi, urwego rushinzwe gutanga ibyemezo ruzafatanya guhangana n’umushinga, bityo bigabanye ingaruka z’umushinga.

Kuki MCM?

● MCM ifite itsinda rya tekiniki rifite abanyamwuga barenga 20 bakora ibijyanye na batiri CE ibyemezo, biha abakiriya amakuru yihuse kandi yuzuye kandi agezweho ya CE;

MCM itanga ibisubizo bitandukanye bya CE harimo LVD, EMC, amabwiriza ya batiri, nibindi kubakiriya;

MCM yatanze ibizamini birenga 4000 bya CE ku isi kugeza uyu munsi.

Ibikoresho byo murugo nibikoresho bikoresha ingufu nuburyo bwiza cyane bwo kuzamura ingufu mu gihugu. Guverinoma izashyiraho kandi ishyire mu bikorwa gahunda y’ingufu zuzuye, aho isaba ko hakoreshwa ibikoresho byifashishwa mu buryo bunoze kugira ngo bizigame ingufu, kugira ngo umuvuduko w'ingufu ziyongera, kandi udashingiye cyane ku mbaraga za peteroli. Iyi ngingo izashyiraho amategeko abigenga kuva Amerika na Kanada. Nkuko amategeko abiteganya, ibikoresho byo munzu, gushyushya amazi, gushyushya, icyuma gikonjesha, kumurika, ibicuruzwa bya elegitoronike, ibikoresho byo gukonjesha nibindi bicuruzwa byubucuruzi cyangwa inganda bikubiye muri gahunda yo kugenzura ingufu. Muri ibyo, ibicuruzwa bya elegitoronike birimo sisitemu yo kwishyuza bateri, nka BCS, UPS, EPS cyangwa 3C. CEC (Californiya ishinzwe ingufu) Icyemezo cyo gukoresha ingufu: Ni gahunda ya leta. Californiya nintara yambere yashyizeho ibipimo ngenderwaho byingufu (1974). CEC ifite uburyo bwayo bwo kugerageza no kugerageza. Igenzura kandi BCS, UPS, EPS, nibindi. Kugirango ingufu za BCS zikorwe neza, haribisabwa 2 bitandukanye nibisabwa hamwe nuburyo bwo kugerageza, bitandukanijwe nigipimo cyamashanyarazi gifite hejuru ya 2k Watts cyangwa kitarenze 2k Watts.DOE (Ishami ryingufu zubumwe Ibihugu): Amabwiriza yo kwemeza DOE akubiyemo 10 CFR 429 na 10 CFR 439, agereranya ingingo ya 429 na 430 mu ngingo ya 10 y’igitabo cy’amategeko ngengamikorere. Amagambo agenga ibipimo ngenderwaho bya sisitemu yo kwishyuza bateri, harimo BCS, UPS na EPS. Mu 1975, hashyizweho itegeko rya Politiki y’ingufu no kubungabunga 1975 (EPCA), maze DOE ishyiraho uburyo busanzwe bwo gupima. Twabibutsa ko KORA nka gahunda yo murwego rwa federasiyo, ibanziriza CEC, igenzura urwego rwa leta gusa. Kubera ko ibicuruzwa byujuje DOE, noneho birashobora kugurishwa ahantu hose muri Amerika, mugihe ibyemezo gusa muri CEC ntabwo byemewe cyane.